Of all the patio umbrella parts, the stand is one of the most critical parts of a market umbrella, as it holds the umbrella upright. It needs to do so despite a possibly significant wind load on the umbrella. Outdoor umbrella stands are often made of metal (typically cast iron). However, there are also plastic ones which are then filled with water or sand.
Not surprisingly, the wider and heavier the base stand is, the more stable the umbrella will be. Larger patio umbrellas need larger bases to be stable. Several examples of outdoor umbrella stands are shown below.
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I generally prefer the metal type outdoor umbrella stands. These can last a long time and tend to look very nice as compared to water filled ones which sometimes lack the intricate detail present in the metal variety.